EFFECT OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE ON SEED GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF SWEET ORANGE (Citrus sinensis (L). OSBECK) AND LIME (Citrus aurantifolia SWINGLE)
Asian Journal of Plant and Soil Sciences,
Page 84-92
Abstract
This study to investigate the effects of priming duration in 10% bleach (NaOCl) on seed germination and early seedling growth of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (l) Osbeck) and lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) was conducted in the screen house of the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The experimental design was a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with 6 replications and 10 treatments as follows: sweet orange seeds primed in 10% bleach for 10mins, 20mins, 30mins; in water for 30mins and unprimed (control) as well as lime seeds primed in 10% bleach for 10mins, 20mins, 30mins; in water for 30mins and unprimed (control). Five seeds each of sweet orange and lime were sown at a depth of 0.5cm in rectangular transparent plastic containers (size = 16 x 10 x 5cm) filled with loamy soil. Data collected were number of days to first and last seedling emergence, percent germination/ emergence, seedling height, number of leaves per seedling. Seedling vigour index (SVI) was calculated. There were significant differences (P = .05) in time to first seedling emergence (10 – 20 days), last seedling emergence days after sowing (29 - 34, DAS), in percentage germination (30 – 90%) and seedling vigour index (8.82) of sweet orange and lime (5.46.). Lime and sweet orange seeds soaked in 10% bleach for 10minutes emerged 10DAS and 20DAS respectively. On average across the treatments, time to last seedling emergence was 34DAS for sweet orange and 29DAS for lime. There were no significant differences in seedling height and number of leaves. Sweet orange and lime soaked in 10% bleach solution for 20mins gave the highest percentage germination and seedling vigour index and is recommended.
Keywords:
- Sweet orange
- lime
- seed priming
- seedling emergence
- seedling vigour index
How to Cite
WILSON, V. (2022). EFFECT OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE ON SEED GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF SWEET ORANGE (Citrus sinensis (L). OSBECK) AND LIME (Citrus aurantifolia SWINGLE). Asian Journal of Plant and Soil Sciences, 7(1), 84-92. Retrieved from https://ikppress.org/index.php/AJOPSS/article/view/7395
References
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Abasalt Rostami Ajirloo, Morad Shaban, Ghorban Didehbaze Moghanloo. Effect of priming methods on emergence and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Intl J Farm & Alli Sci. 2013;2(18):658-661.
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Nawaz J, Hussain M, Jabbar A, Nadeem GA, Sajid M, Subtain M, Shabbir I. Seed priming a technique. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 2013;6(20):1373–1381.
Villedieu-Percheron E, Lachia M, Jung PM, Screpanti C, Fonné- Pfister R, Wendeborn S, Zurwerra D, De Mesmaeker, A. Chemicals inducing seed germination and early seedling development. Chimia. 2014;68:654–653.
Mahajan G, Sarlach RS, Japinder S, Gill MS. Seed priming effects on germination, growth and yield of dry direct-seeded rice. Journal of Crop Improvement. 2011;25:409-417.
Ghobadi M, Shafiei-Abnavi M, Jalali-Honarmand S, Ghobadi ME, Mohammadi GH. Does KNO3 and hydropriming improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds germination and seedlings growth. Annals of Biological Research. 2012;3(7):3156-3160.
Shafiei Abnavi M, Ghobadi M. The effects of source of priming and post-priming storage duration on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 2012;4(9);256-268.
Maku JO, Gbadamosi AE, Oke SA. Effect of some growth hormones on seed germination and seedling growth of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Thaub). International Journal of Plant Research. 2014;4(1):36-42. DOI: 10.5923/j.plant.20140401.07.
Paparella S, Araújo SS, Rossi G, Wijayasinghe M, Carbonera D, Balestrazzi A. Seed priming: State of the art and new prospectives. Plant Cell Reports. 2015;34:1281–1293.
Singh R, Gurjar B, Baghel SS. Seed germination and seedling vigour of kagzi lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) As Influenced by Growth Regulators and Fungicide, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2017;5(4):2105-2109. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5400.
Krishnaveni K, Sekar I, Arulrajan P, Rao MG. Influence of seed fortification treatment with inorganic nutrients and growth regulators on seed and seedling quality characteristics in bamboo (Bambusa bambosa). Indian Forester. 2010;136(8):1006-1012.
Rehman H, Iqbal H, Basra SMA, Afzal I, Farooq M, Wakeel A, Wang N. Seed priming improves early vigor improved growth and productivity of spring maize. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2015;14(9):1745–1754.
Derso C, Feyissa T. Effect of seed treatment on seed germination and seedling growth attributes of yeheb (Cordeauxia edulis) with in-vitro Conditions. J Biotechnol Biomater. 2015;(52):188. DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X.1000188.
Yadav K, Singh N. Effect of seed harvesting season and sterilization treatments on germination and In Vitro propagation of Albizia lebbeck (l) benth. Tom. 2011;18:151-156.
Kaur M, Dhatt AS, Sidhu AS. Effect of seed disinfectants on in vitro seed germination and seedling development in eggplant. J. Hoot. Sci. 2014;9(1): 61-65.
Kumlachew A. Seed-borne fungal pathogen associated with soybean (Glycine max l.) and their management in Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia. J. Biol. Agric. Healthcare. 2014;4(25):14-19.
Venturieri GA, Nesi B, Lazzereschi S, Pecchioli S, Burch G. Development of pollination and in vitro germination techniques to improve the hybridization in Hydrangea spp Adv. Hort. Sci. 2017;31(1):45-51.
Sen MK, Jamal MAH, Nasrin S. Sterilization factors affect seed germination and proliferation of Achyranthes aspera cultured in-vitro. Environ. Experin. Biol. 2013;11:119-123.
Mendes de Jesus VA, Araújo EF, Neves AA, Santos FL, Dias LAS, da Silva RF. Ratio of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on the germination process of papaya seeds. Journal of Seed Science. 2016;38. Available:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297625781
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SAS Institute Inc. SAS User's Guide. Statistical Analysis Institute Inc Cary, NC; 1992.
Chen K, Arora R. Priming memory invokes seed stress-tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2013;94:33-45. Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.03.005
Finch-Savage WE, Bassel GW. Seed vigour and crop establishment: Extending performance beyond adaptation. Journal of Experimental Botany. 2016;67(3):567–591. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv490.
Donohue K, Burghardt LT, Runcie D, Bradford KJ, Schmitt J. Applying developmental threshold models to evolutionary ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2015;30:66–77.
ISTA. International rules for seed testing. Basserdorf, Switzerland: International Seed Testing Association; 2015.
Tobe K, Zhang L, Omasa K. Seed germination and seedling emergence of three annuals growing on desert sand dunes in China. Annals of Botany; 2005. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mci060. Available:www.aob.oupjournals.org
Patade VY, Khatri D, Manoj K, Kumari M, Ahmed Z. Cold tolerance in thiourea primed capsicum seedlings is associated with transcript regulation of stress responsive genes. Molecular Biology Reports. 2012;39:10603-10613.
Abasalt Rostami Ajirloo, Morad Shaban, Ghorban Didehbaze Moghanloo. Effect of priming methods on emergence and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Intl J Farm & Alli Sci. 2013;2(18):658-661.
Hanci F, Cebeci E, Polat Z. The effects of trichoderma harzianum on germination of onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds under salt stress conditions. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi. 2014;7(1):45-48. ISSN: 1308-3945. E-ISSN: 1308-027X. Acailable:www.nobel.gen.tr
Khaliq A, Aslam F, Matloob A, Hussain S, Geng M, Wahid A, ur Rehman H. Seed priming with selenium: Consequences for emergence, seedling growth and biochemical attributes of rice. Biol Trace Elem; 2015. Res. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0260-4.
Patel RV, Pandya KY, Jasrai RT, Brahmbhatt N. Effect of hydropriming and biopriming on seed germination of brinjal and tomato seed. Research Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. 2017;5(6):1-14.
Afzal I, Ashraf S, Qasim M, Basra SMA, Shahid M. Does halopriming improve germination and seedling vigor in marigold (Tagetus sp.). Seed Science and Technology. 2009;37:436–445.
Aryal K, Shrestha A, Subedi R. Effect of various seed priming methods on germination characteristics of Black Gram. J Protein Res Bioinform. 2020;2:009.
Nejad AH. The effects of seed priming techniques in improving germination and early seedling growth of Aeluropus Macrostachys. Int J Adv Biol Biom Res. 2013;1(2):86-95.
Manonmani V, Ameer Junaithal Begum M, Jayanthi M. Halo priming of seeds. Res. J. Seed Sci. 2014;7:1–13.
Younesi O, Moradi A. Effect of different priming methods on germination and seedling establishment of two medicinal plants under salt stress conditions. Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova. 2015;XLVIII(3):163.
Xu Shaochun, Yi Zhou, Pengmei Wang, Feng Wang, Xiaomei Zhang, Ruiting Gu. Salinity and temperature significantly influence seed germination, seedling establishment and seedling growth of eelgrass Zostera marina L.. Peer J. 2016;4:e2697. DOI:10.7717/peerj.2697.
Bhatt RM, Selvakumar G, Upreti KK, Boregowda PC. Effect of biopriming with Enterobacter strains on seed germination and seedling growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under osmotic stress. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India Sect. B Biol. Sci. 2015;85:63–69. Available:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0333-8.
Akbari M, Akbari M, Akbari D, Sajedi NA. Influence of sodium hypochlorite on seed germination and early seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Tarum. Research on Crops. 2012;13(1):11-15.
Varasteh KN, Babaei A, Abdoli M. The effect of different sodium hypochlorite concentrations on seed germination of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Austin. Journal of Plant Biology. 2015;1:1007-1010.
Dezfuli PM, Sharif-zadeh F, Janmohammadi M. Influence of priming techniques on seed germination behaviour of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 2008;3(3):22-25. ISSN: 1990-6145. Available:www.arpnjournals.com
Mariappan N, Srimathi P, Sundaramoorthi L. Effect of liquid biofertilizers on enhancement of germination in stored seeds of Pongamia pinnata. Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research. 2014;2(11):218-221. ISSN: 2384-731X.
Nawaz J, Hussain M, Jabbar A, Nadeem GA, Sajid M, Subtain M, Shabbir I. Seed priming a technique. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 2013;6(20):1373–1381.
Villedieu-Percheron E, Lachia M, Jung PM, Screpanti C, Fonné- Pfister R, Wendeborn S, Zurwerra D, De Mesmaeker, A. Chemicals inducing seed germination and early seedling development. Chimia. 2014;68:654–653.
Mahajan G, Sarlach RS, Japinder S, Gill MS. Seed priming effects on germination, growth and yield of dry direct-seeded rice. Journal of Crop Improvement. 2011;25:409-417.
Ghobadi M, Shafiei-Abnavi M, Jalali-Honarmand S, Ghobadi ME, Mohammadi GH. Does KNO3 and hydropriming improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds germination and seedlings growth. Annals of Biological Research. 2012;3(7):3156-3160.
Shafiei Abnavi M, Ghobadi M. The effects of source of priming and post-priming storage duration on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 2012;4(9);256-268.
Maku JO, Gbadamosi AE, Oke SA. Effect of some growth hormones on seed germination and seedling growth of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Thaub). International Journal of Plant Research. 2014;4(1):36-42. DOI: 10.5923/j.plant.20140401.07.
Paparella S, Araújo SS, Rossi G, Wijayasinghe M, Carbonera D, Balestrazzi A. Seed priming: State of the art and new prospectives. Plant Cell Reports. 2015;34:1281–1293.
Singh R, Gurjar B, Baghel SS. Seed germination and seedling vigour of kagzi lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) As Influenced by Growth Regulators and Fungicide, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2017;5(4):2105-2109. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5400.
Krishnaveni K, Sekar I, Arulrajan P, Rao MG. Influence of seed fortification treatment with inorganic nutrients and growth regulators on seed and seedling quality characteristics in bamboo (Bambusa bambosa). Indian Forester. 2010;136(8):1006-1012.
Rehman H, Iqbal H, Basra SMA, Afzal I, Farooq M, Wakeel A, Wang N. Seed priming improves early vigor improved growth and productivity of spring maize. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2015;14(9):1745–1754.
Derso C, Feyissa T. Effect of seed treatment on seed germination and seedling growth attributes of yeheb (Cordeauxia edulis) with in-vitro Conditions. J Biotechnol Biomater. 2015;(52):188. DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X.1000188.
Yadav K, Singh N. Effect of seed harvesting season and sterilization treatments on germination and In Vitro propagation of Albizia lebbeck (l) benth. Tom. 2011;18:151-156.
Kaur M, Dhatt AS, Sidhu AS. Effect of seed disinfectants on in vitro seed germination and seedling development in eggplant. J. Hoot. Sci. 2014;9(1): 61-65.
Kumlachew A. Seed-borne fungal pathogen associated with soybean (Glycine max l.) and their management in Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia. J. Biol. Agric. Healthcare. 2014;4(25):14-19.
Venturieri GA, Nesi B, Lazzereschi S, Pecchioli S, Burch G. Development of pollination and in vitro germination techniques to improve the hybridization in Hydrangea spp Adv. Hort. Sci. 2017;31(1):45-51.
Sen MK, Jamal MAH, Nasrin S. Sterilization factors affect seed germination and proliferation of Achyranthes aspera cultured in-vitro. Environ. Experin. Biol. 2013;11:119-123.
Mendes de Jesus VA, Araújo EF, Neves AA, Santos FL, Dias LAS, da Silva RF. Ratio of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on the germination process of papaya seeds. Journal of Seed Science. 2016;38. Available:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297625781
Luna T, Kim M, Wilkinson R, DumroeseK. Seed germination and sowing options. In book: Tropical nursery manual: A guide to starting and operating a nursery for native and traditional plants. Wilkinson, K.M.T.D. Landis, D.L. Haase, B.F., Daley, R.. Dumroese, K. (Eds.). Publisher: Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. 1994:162 -183.
SAS Institute Inc. SAS User's Guide. Statistical Analysis Institute Inc Cary, NC; 1992.
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