The importance of entrepreneurial activities has become very important in the economies of developing countries which are experiencing problems of joblessness and low productivity, whereby many countries are giving significant attention in developing and promoting entrepreneurial activities as these activities are proven to reinforce economics through job and venture creations, overcoming unemployment problems, and enabling economic progress in most developing countries. And in order increase support for entrepreneurial activities, the best response to these changes in employment and economics is to carry necessary entrepreneurial skills by adopting entrepreneurship education (EE) that may help graduates students to be a job creator than job seekers. Most of the research in entrepreneurship literature has agreed on using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in investigating entrepreneurial intention. However, the number of studies conducted in Egypt on the formation of entrepreneurial intention is considerably less prominent in the literature. Therefore, in contributing toward the knowledge scarcity in the literature on female entrepreneurship intentions, The aim of this paper is to empirically identify the moderating effect of entrepreneurial education (EE) on the relation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE), social support components which are family support (FS) and friends support (PS) on entrepreneurial intention (EI) among final year female tourism undergraduate students in Egypt. In addition, (TPB) is used as a theoretical framework in this study. The sample of this empirical study consists of 543 final year female tourism undergraduate students from eight public universities in Egypt, whereby, the data were analyzed by using partial least squares (SmartPLS) version 3.2.8. Results indicated that entrepreneurial self-efficacy and family support are determinant of females’ entrepreneurial intention, while friends support was found to have a significant but negative effect on female students’ entrepreneurial intention. Concerning the moderating effect of (EE) results found that entrepreneurship education plays a significant moderating role, by strengthening the entrepreneurial self-efficacy, friends’ support and increase females’ entrepreneurial intention, while EE found to have no significant effect between family support and female (EI). The outcome of this study has necessary implication for females' entrepreneurship literature whereby it suggests that higher education institutions should focus on modifying the female student's attitude through formal entrepreneurship education programs and courses to encourage more entrepreneurial activity.
The paper evaluates the effects of fluctuations in financial flows and domestic policies on the change in the current account balance over time using data for a group of developing and advanced countries. The current account balance could improve with respect to portfolio and FDI flows and high government spending that support capacity building. Alternatively, financial flows help sustain a wider current account deficit. Domestic policies, appreciation of the exchange rate and higher oil price improve the current account balance if compatible with higher exports and capacity building. Alternatively, domestic policies, higher oil price and exchange rate appreciation could fuel inflationary expectations with a negative effect on competitiveness and the current account balance. Correlation coefficients across advanced and developing countries determine dominant channels across country groups on the current account balance. Across advanced countries, trend real GDP growth decreases with higher anticipated monetary growth that deteriorates the current account balance. In contrast, anticipated exchange rate appreciation and shocks to government spending and monetary growth improve the current account balance and increase trend real growth across countries. Trend price inflation decreases with respect to capital flows and monetary growth that enhance capacity as well as with respect to exchange rate appreciation that improve the current account balance. Across developing countries, trend price inflation decreases with respect to monetary shocks and oil price shocks that improve the current account balance. However, trend price inflation increases with respect to shocks to government spending that trigger inflationary pressures, notwithstanding improvement in the current account balance.
Knowledge graphs are progressively important source of data and context information in many fields especially in Data Science; there is no doubt that the first step in data analysis is data exploration in which visualization plays an important role; Data visualization has become significant research challenge involving several issues related to storing, querying, indexing, visual presentation, interaction data [1]. The Semantic Web Resource Description Framework (RDF) describes metadata that aims to make the Web content not only machine-readable but also machine-understandable; this paper outline of Graph-based Visualization Systems overview and proposes Visualizing interactive RDF and knowledge Graphs Framework to support analysis decision.
The paper examines the determinants of employment growth, drawing on data available across a sample of Caribbean countries. To that end, the paper analyzes estimates of the employment-output elasticity and the response of employment growth to major sources of labor market determinants, in the long and short run. The main determinants of employment include government investment and private sector credit, while the major determinants of external performance are real effective exchange rate, the price of major exporting commodities, the number of tourists, and growth in major trading partners. The paper concludes with a menu of policy recommendations and structural reforms towards sustaining high employment growth and higher living standards in the Caribbean.
An ever-increasing number of nations have begun understanding that dealing with the rustic condition is a solid method to assist them with growing their economy in a superior way. The provincial segment is significant for the general public since it creates the development and advancement of the civic establishments to continue and accomplish human objectives for better presence. Monetary development and rustic culture are associated because the majority of the assets accessible for improvement originate from the provincial social orders. The essential point of the paper is to examine the conditions of the provincial economy and concentrate on the issues and difficulties of the towns. The paper intends to outline a key structure for the improvement of the rustic economy to make a superior tomorrow for India.
