This study sought to investigate the effect of Banking Industry Capitalization on the Agricultural sector performance in Nigeria. The study adopted the ex-post facto quantitative research design. Annual time series data for 36 years were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletins, International Monetary Fund statistics and data files and OPEC data base for the period 1980-2015. An Error Correction Regression model (ECM) is employed in the study. The result of the co-integration test indicates long-run relationship between dependent and independent variables. The result revealed that the total banking industry capitalization has a positive and significant effect on agriculture sector performance in Nigeria. The implication of this finding is that the higher the total capital base of banks, the greater the contribution of the agriculture sector to the nation’s Gross Domestic Production. We therefore recommend that government and regulatory bodies should create policies that will encourage banks to maintain and improve on their total capital base, and at the same time enlighten farmers on how to access funding from the banks.
It is a common phenomenon to see hawkers of Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM) services in every nook and cranny of Nigerian streets, markets, schools and other busy places transacting telecommunication services. This is consequent upon GSM revolution witnessed in Nigeria more than a decade ago. The study specifically investigated contributions of GSM services to small scale enterprises (SSEs) and how the small scale traders perceived benefits and challenges thereof. Merton’s model of manifest and latent function was adopted. The study was conducted in Ibadan Main City (MC) and Less City (LC). Descriptive design was used. A sample of 40 respondents was selected purposively. Qualitative method of data collection and analysis was used while in-depth interviews served as instrument of data collection. Respondents in MC and LC described GSM services as main source of economic empowerment, although hawkers in MC were more committed to business than those in LC. Hawkers in MC preferred sales of bulk recharge cards to call centres. In LC, hawkers were engaged in both call centres and sales of recharge cards, though their business investments were relatively small. Hawkers in MC and LC complained bitterly about incessant network failure and this really affected volume of their sales. GSM services now engage unemployed youths, literate and non literate, graduates across board (tertiary, secondary and primary). Apart from hawkers, there are now GSM technicians self employed in the sector. It is imperative that government and other stakeholders in the sector should work hand in hand to remove impediments that hamper gains to consumers.
This paper examines empirical relationship among the variables of financial development, emissions, urbanization, industrial value addition, agricultural value addition and energy consumption in the context of Bangladesh using the data of 1985-2015. Findings of Johansen co-integration test indicates that long run relationship exists among the variables of emissions, financial development, urbanization, industrial value addition, agricultural value addition and energy consumption. Whereas, Granger causality results show that unidirectional causality exists among the variables of emissions to agriculture value addition, emissions to energy consumption, agriculture value addition to financial development, agriculture value edition to industry value addition, financial development to emissions, industry value addition to energy consumption. However, this study fails to establish any relationship between emissions and urbanization, urbanization and energy consumption in short run in the context of Bangladesh. Results of Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) confirm that except financial development all the explanatory variables are statistically insignificant in the short run. However, the error correction term (ECT) is statistically significant and negative sign. This indicates that emission adjusted 37.60% within the year when deviated from equilibrium and the adjustment speed is significant.
The study examined the main determinants of real exchange rates fluctuations in Ghana using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach [bound testing approach] and vector error correction model with annual time series data covering the period of 1970 to 2014. The findings from the study revealed that whereas increase in inflation rate, trade openness and government consumption expenditure cause the cedi to depreciate against the US dollar, an increase in real GDP growth was found to appreciate the cedi against the US dollar. Based on these findings, the study suggested these recommendations to enhance the performance of the cedi against the US dollar. First, the Bank of Ghana, Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Food and Agriculture should adopt policies that will reduce inflation and increase real GDP growth. These policies include increase in food production, reduction of interest rates and corporate tax and increase privatisation. Again, the Ministry of Trade and Industry should encourage exports and discourage importation of basic consumer goods such as rice, tin tomatoes, chocolate etc. so as to prevent trade openness from depreciating the cedi. Finally, government consumption expenditure should target areas that will enhance productivity. For instance, the government can increase its spending on power generation, education and health.
This research explanatory the Impact of Oil Price, Money Supply, Inflation, Interest Rate and Exchange Rate. Against Stock Trading Volume at Indonesia Stock Exchange. Population in this research all companies go public in BEI, monthly data taken by time series during period of July 2005 until December 2015, Analysis used to test the hypothesis in this research is Analysis Multiple correlations. The results prove that oil price and money supply, have a significant positive impact on changes in trading volume of shares Inflation did not have a significant negative impact on changes in trading volume of shares While interest rates and Exchange Rate have a significant negative impact on stock trading volumes on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The purpose of this paper was to examine the influence of psychological factors on the adoption of virtual airtime in Nigeria. The research design was cross sectional survey. A total of 400 copies of the questionnaires was administered on telecommunication subscribers in Benin-city. Multiple regression analysis was used. Findings revealed that of the psychological factors that affect consumer behaviour: attitude, motivation and learning have statistical relationship and significant influence on the adoption of virtual airtime, while belief, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness had no statistically significant relationship with the adoption of virtual airtime. The study recommends that organizations should promote, encourage and sustain the attitude that would help in the adoption of virtual airtime by motivating consumers and promoting consumer learning. Efforts should also be made to correct wrong beliefs or/ and perceptions.
No doubt, in the present era of globalization, materialism and consumerism are dominated in mostly developed countries but the developing countries are not free from the influences of consumerism. For the authenticity and for the logic of these effects and influences, the historical proverb " the poor always imitate the rich" shows even within the country and even with the society of a country, this seems true because in every society whether it is Muslim or non Muslim, the trend of imitating the rich by the poor is found. So, at broad level, the influences and effects of one country spreads in the other countries that were indulging in trade or have common boundary and even due to globalization, these influences are prevailing day by day. In short, in this article, brief study is presented to show the influences of Western consumerism.
