Study of the Effect of Smoking on Glycemic Status: A Clinical Study on Indian Sub-population
Journal of International Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Page 1-7
DOI:
10.56557/jirmeps/2023/v18i18027
Abstract
Smoking has been known to be a major risk factor for diabetes in several clinical studies. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of smoking cessation on glycemic status during diabetic treatment regimes. The study was carried out on 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 healthy controls. Fasting blood sugar, HbA1C estimation and lipid profiling were examined. A significant (p < 0.001) difference between 1st day and after 6 months of HbA1C value was observed in smoking cessation individuals. This study indicated the effect of short term cessation of smoking in diabetics also increase BMI and disturbs glycemic control. Tight glycemic control is recommended so that long term effects of smoking can be prevented.
Keywords:
- Smoking
- diabetes
- cessations
- glycemic status
- HbA1C
How to Cite
Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, N. K., Dakal, T. C., & Jain, R. (2023). Study of the Effect of Smoking on Glycemic Status: A Clinical Study on Indian Sub-population. Journal of International Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.56557/jirmeps/2023/v18i18027
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Hurt RD, Ebbert JO, Hays JT, McFadden DD. Preventing lung cancer by treating tobacco dependence. Clin Chest Med. 2011;32(4):645-57.
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Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Perry IJ. Smoking as a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes in middle-aged men. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(9):1590-5.
Gupta R. Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2006;124(1):15- 22.
Houston TK, Person SD, Pletcher MJ, Liu K, Iribarren C, Kiefe CI. Active and passive smoking and development of glucose intolerance among young adults in a prospective cohort: CARDIA study. BMJ. 2006;332(7549):1064-9.
Willi C, Bodenmann P, Ghali WA, Faris PD, Cornuz J. Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama. 2007; 298(22):2654-64.
Beziaud F, Halimi JM, Lecomte P, Vol S, Tichet J. Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2004;30(2):161-6.
Sulander T, Rahkonen O, Nissinen A, Uutela A. Association of smoking status with obesity and diabetes among elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2007;45(2):159-67.
Miranda TS, Almeida ML, Marins LM, da Silva HDP, Feres M, Duarte PM. Might smoking assuage the pro‐inflammatory effect of diabetes in periodontal sites? Oral Dis. 2019;1–13.
Iino K, Iwase M, Tsutsu N, Iida M. Smoking cessation and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2004;6(3):181-6.
Sargeant LA, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Day NE, Luben RN, Oakes S, et al. Cigarette smoking and glycaemia: The EPIC- Norfolk study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2001;30(3) :547-54.
Geslain-Biquez C, Vol S, Tichet J, Caradec A, D'Hour A, Balkau B. The metabolic syndrome in smokers. The D.E.S.I.R. study. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2003; 29(3):226-34.
Shiffman S. Effect of nicotine lozenges on affective smoking withdrawal symptoms: Secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Ther. 2008;30(8):1461-75.
JJ, Sherman M. The impact of smoking and quitting smoking on patients with diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum. 2005; 18(4):6.
Audrain-McGovern J, Benowitz NL. Cigarette smoking, nicotine, and body weight. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2011;90(1):164-8.
Groenman AP, Greven CU, van Donkelaar MM, Schellekens A, van Hulzen KJ, Rommelse N, et al. Dopamine and serotonin genetic risk scores predicting substance and nicotine use in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Addict Biol. 2016;21(4):915-23.
Wong CY, Martinez J, Dass CR. Oral delivery of insulin for treatment of diabetes: status quo, challenges and opportunities. J Pharm Pharmacol; 2016.
Al-Delaimy WK, Willett WC, Manson JE, Speizer FE, Hu FB. Smoking and mortality among women with type 2 diabetes: The Nurses' health study cohort. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(12):2043-8.
Rimm EB, Chan J, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Prospective study of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and the risk of diabetes in men. BMJ. 1995; 310(6979):555-9.
Kawakami N, Takatsuka N, Shimizu H, Ishibashi H. Effects of smoking on the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Replication and extension in a Japanese cohort of male employees. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1997;145(2):103-9.
Cullen MW, Ebbert JO, Vierkant RA, Wang AH, Cerhan JR. No interaction of body mass index and smoking on diabetes mellitus risk in elderly women. Preventive Medicine. 2009;48(1):74-8.
Hurt RD, Ebbert JO, Hays JT, McFadden DD. Preventing lung cancer by treating tobacco dependence. Clin Chest Med. 2011;32(4):645-57.
Haire-Joshu D, Glasgow RE, Tibbs TL. Smoking and diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(11):1887-98.
Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Perry IJ. Smoking as a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes in middle-aged men. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(9):1590-5.
Gupta R. Smoking, educational status and health inequity in India. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2006;124(1):15- 22.
Houston TK, Person SD, Pletcher MJ, Liu K, Iribarren C, Kiefe CI. Active and passive smoking and development of glucose intolerance among young adults in a prospective cohort: CARDIA study. BMJ. 2006;332(7549):1064-9.
Willi C, Bodenmann P, Ghali WA, Faris PD, Cornuz J. Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama. 2007; 298(22):2654-64.
Beziaud F, Halimi JM, Lecomte P, Vol S, Tichet J. Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2004;30(2):161-6.
Sulander T, Rahkonen O, Nissinen A, Uutela A. Association of smoking status with obesity and diabetes among elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2007;45(2):159-67.
Miranda TS, Almeida ML, Marins LM, da Silva HDP, Feres M, Duarte PM. Might smoking assuage the pro‐inflammatory effect of diabetes in periodontal sites? Oral Dis. 2019;1–13.
Iino K, Iwase M, Tsutsu N, Iida M. Smoking cessation and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. 2004;6(3):181-6.
Sargeant LA, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Day NE, Luben RN, Oakes S, et al. Cigarette smoking and glycaemia: The EPIC- Norfolk study. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2001;30(3) :547-54.
Geslain-Biquez C, Vol S, Tichet J, Caradec A, D'Hour A, Balkau B. The metabolic syndrome in smokers. The D.E.S.I.R. study. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2003; 29(3):226-34.
Shiffman S. Effect of nicotine lozenges on affective smoking withdrawal symptoms: Secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Ther. 2008;30(8):1461-75.
JJ, Sherman M. The impact of smoking and quitting smoking on patients with diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum. 2005; 18(4):6.
Audrain-McGovern J, Benowitz NL. Cigarette smoking, nicotine, and body weight. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2011;90(1):164-8.
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