So far, many CSR studies have focused on developed countries, while little attention has been paid to CSR activities in developing countries. On the other hand, the increasing discussion on sustainable development in developing countries, especially in Nigeria, has made a significant difference and triggered a wide debate on the relationship between CSR and sustainable development. CSR is arguably a dynamic concept that promotes sustainable development irrespective of the motivations and approaches of business organizations. The CSR components implemented by companies should lead to high levels of moral sustainability. The productivity scope of manufacturers and producers in the Nigerian plastics and packaging industry has been limited to economic growth and profit maximization, neglecting product life cycle management. This negligence has resulted in the indiscriminate dumping of empty plastic waste on the streets, leading to environmental degradation. However, it is important to explore how the concepts of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development can enable the reduction of plastic waste. The aim of this review paper is to link the concepts of corporate social responsibility and sustainable development to advance the management of plastic waste. The paper is important because it addresses the issues of corporate social responsibility, sustainable development and social well-being of the environment.
This paper explored the current structure and dynamics of the village savings and loans associations operations by women and its socio-economic impact during the peak of Covid-19 on sanitation. The study adopted a mixed method design of qualitative and quantitative approach. Women groups who have operated, managed, and sustained for over the period of five (5) years were selected for the study. In all, 48 women between the ages of 18-60 years participated in the study. The study revealed that absenteeism, irregular share-buying, and nonpayment of loans behaviors are factors that were found to negatively affect the structure, dynamics, and sustainability of village savings and loans in 2021 due to Covid 19. The study also identified inadequate medical care, reduction in household incomes and nutrition gaps as key adverse effects of covid-19 on the women farmers. Some trades like Pito brewing, ‘‘Kosee’,’ Shea butter and food vending businesses are either collapsed or almost folding up due to covid-19. Communities relapsed into open defecation due to collapse of household toilets because of Covid-19 related poverty. The study concludes that rural women had challenges in contributing to the village savings and loans schemes or pay back their loans thereby threatening the solvency of the groups due to the COVID crisis. The study recommends that women farmers must be given training in financial literacy and bookkeeping. Both local and international organizations must collaborate to overcome the effects of post Covid-19 on poverty and sanitation.
Recreational open spaces provides recreational areas for residents and helps to enhance the beauty and environmental quality of neighbourhoods. It consists of natural and organized open spaces used for outdoor recreational purposes. This paper examines the physical characteristics of recreational open spaces in Abeokuta Nigeria. In order to achieve this, available recreational facilities of the recreational open spaces in the study area were identified.. Descriptive and Kendall Tau B’s test was used for the analysis, and result showed significant relationship between environmental aesthetics and physical characteristics of ROS in Abeokuta, This implies that the physical characteristics influences the environmental aesthetic quality of the ROS. It also establishes the fact that environmental aesthetic quality has an impact on the patronage of ROS. It is recommended that the environmental aesthetics of recreational open spaces in the study area be improved in order to enhance its patronage.
This study was carried out to examine the concentration of heavy metals in fishes, sediments, and their associated human health implications from Bonny Estuary, Rivers, Nigeria. A total of twenty-four (24) fish specimens and four (4) sediment specimens were gathered and tested using standardized procedures for essential and non-essential trace metals. Simple descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. In fish specimens, health risk indices for both carcinogenic as well as non-carcinogenic impacts of heavy metals were evaluated. The result of metal concentrations in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias Gariepinus revealed Pb (10.88±3.24 to 37.12±0.42 mg/kg) and Cd (0.94±0.66 to 1.16±0.10 mg/kg) were greater than Food and Agriculture Organization allowable limits. The bioaccumulation variable revealed Pb as the greatest metal accumulator in both O.niloticus and C.gariepinus from sediment specimens. Pb had a hazard quotient (HQ) greater than 1.0, indicative of non-carcinogenic side effects. Cancer Danger (CR) values of Lead (Pb) in Oreochromis niloticus varied from 1.1 × 10−2 to 2.7 × 10−2, while those in Clarias gariepinus ranged from 1.5 × 10−2 to 3.3 × 10−2, showing that both breeds are carcinogenic. The CR values of Cd were as well discovered to surpass the standard parameters of 1.0 × 10−4. The results of this study reveal worrisome levels of Pb and Cd, which need an immediate awareness and quick response to mitigate their associated health risk.
Plastic waste management is a major trending issue in the world today, as the volume of waste increases on a daily basis. As the volume of plastic waste continues to rise, the negative consequences have resulted in critical environmental issues confronting many countries in various contexts. Many developed countries, however, have adopted the use of environmental policy instruments as a critical role in determining and improving the state of their environment. Germany is an excellent example of this, where the implementation of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scheme as a policy has aided in the management of product end-of-life cycles and environmental improvements to manufacturing systems. This article discusses Germany's transition from the Producer Responsibility Organization to the EPR scheme. Data were collected from across all 16 federal states' waste management policies. The author was able to analyze and investigate Germany's transition from the Producer Responsibility Organization to the EPR scheme using the case study method. The literature review for this research framework includes the current sustainability state of the environment, the contextual framework, and formulation, assessment, and reports on plastic management.To support the research findings, field observations were conducted by scouting through the plastic bottle collection processes at a selected locations and store outlets in Germany. More research into how to expand EPR programs in Germany to allow for the recovery of other plastic forms is suggested by the researcher.
The improvement of crops quality and productivity, and the environment quality is an important problem worldwide. Due to the increased need for agricultural products and climate change, new tools has been developed that enhance plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses .Therefore the use of plant biostimulants (formally known as bioeffectors), may be promising alternative to chemical methods, has become common practice in agriculture in stimulating growth .In this context our experiment was conducted in a conventional peach orchard in the Fez-Meknes region. Peach is an important cultivar in Morocco in general ; thanks to its good productivity with high-quality fruits.We chose peach for its place in the region's arboreal sector, its vulnerability to the effects of water stress and its growing demand in the market. The objective of our experiment is to study the effect of stimulants on the yield and quality of Peach (Prunus persica) in the face of biotic and abiotic stresses in the Sais Plain. The experiment was spread over two seasons on three-year-old trees. It consisted of the application of organic biostimulants (Vitazyme, Protifert LMW10, Protifert LMW6.3, Protifert Zinc and Naturfer), in order to study their effects on: fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh weight, core weight, Sugar content and titratable acidity. The analysis of the results via the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software showed that the organic biostimulants studied have, in general, a positive effect on the improvement of the yield of the peach tree. This effect is particularly marked in the second year. Regarding the quality of peaches we found that the application of biostimulants increases the content of sugars in the fruit.
Forest fires have caused a huge loss to the Himalayan biodiversity, which has adversely affected the productive capacity and natural regeneration of forests species. The Uttarakhand state of India is severely affected by forest fire every year, which is one of the main reasons for loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services of the precious forest resources. As per as record, approximate 700 species of bird and animals are at the high risk of extinction as a consequence of adverse effects of forest fire. In the Uttarakhand state, majority of fire occurs in Chir Pine forests, which later on extends to the associated species, such as, Banj Oak. Worldwide, forest fire has been viewed as a serious issue responsible for the climate change. Subjecting forest areas to regular controlled burning can reduce the incidence of forest fire to the great extent. Further, imparting education, training and awareness on forest fire to the local people and state govt. official can considerably control fire incidence as well as fuel load in the forests.
