Ameliorative Potentials of Methanol Bark Extract of Detarium senegalense (Tallow Tree) in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Volume 24, Issue 1-2,
Page 64-80
DOI:
10.56557/pcbmb/2023/v24i1-28197
Abstract
Diabetes is a global metabolic disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide and raises the global death rate, posing a public health concern. Because antidiabetic traditional drugs are expensive, have side effects, and are ineffective, researchers are looking into novel medicinal plants to find a long-term cure that is inexpensive, has few or no side effects, and is highly effective in treating diabetes and its consequences. Detarium senegalense is a versatile plant used to cure a variety of ailments, including diabetes. This research aimed to investigate the ameliorative potentials of methanol bark extract of Detarium senegalense in streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic male Wistar Rats. Thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats weighing 120-180gm were chosen at random and put into six (6) groups of five rats each (n=5) for this investigation. A single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (150mg/kg) produced diabetes in rats. Normal and diabetic control groups are represented by groups 1 and 2, respectively. Group 3, a diabetic group, received metformin (50mg/kg). Groups 4, 5, and 6 received methanol bark extract of Deterium senegalenses at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. The animals were euthanized at the end of the 21-day treatment period, and organs were excised for biochemical examination. The generated data was analyzed with the SPSS software, and the results were expressed as mean SEM. Result confirms Detarium senegalense methanol bark extract as a hypoglycemic agent on the diabetic rats, by decreasing blood glucose level and the activity of metabolic enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), increase hexokinase, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glut 1 and Glut 2 activities while decreasing the activities of Malondialdehyde. Conclusively, the bark of Detarium senegalense has been shown to have anti-diabetic and anti-oxidative.
Keywords:
- Deterium senegalenses
- diabetes mellitus
- hypoglycemic
- wistar rats
How to Cite
Enameguonor, O. H., Emeka, O. A., Richard, O. N., & Mamerhi, E. T. (2023). Ameliorative Potentials of Methanol Bark Extract of Detarium senegalense (Tallow Tree) in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats. PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 24(1-2), 64–80. https://doi.org/10.56557/pcbmb/2023/v24i1-28197
References
Adenkunle A, Afolayan A, Okoh B, Omotosho T, Pendota C, Sowemimo A. Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, proximate analysis and mineral content of the seed of Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmelin. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10(48):9875-9.
Akah PA, Nworu CS, Mbaoji FN, Nwabunike IA, Onyeto CA. Genus Detarium: Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile. Phytopharmacology. 2012;3(2):367-75.
Algaidi S. The effect of antioxidants on experimentally induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy in adult male albino rats. J Am Sci. 2011;7(12):671-7.
American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes. 2020;14-31.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standard of Medical care in Diabetes [preliminary report]. 2012;35(1):511-S63.
American Diabetes Association Diagnosis and classification of diabete mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014:37:81-90.
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(1):S81-91.
Arponen M, Jalava N, Widjaja N, Ivaska KK. Glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 have different effects on osteoblast proliferation and metabolism. Front Physiol. 2022;13:1035516.
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1035516, PMID 36523556.
Bandeira SDM, Guedes GDS, da Fonseca LJ, Pires AS, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF, et al. Characterization of blood oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: increase in lipid peroxidation and SOD activity. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:819310. DOI: 10.1155/2012/819310, PMID 23259029.
de M Bandeira S, da Fonseca LJ, da S Guedes G, Rabelo LA, Goulart MO, Vasconcelos SM. Oxidative stress as an underlying contributor in the development of chronic complications in diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(2):3265-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023265, PMID 23385234.
Akuodor G, Udia P, Bassey A, Chilaka K, Okezie O. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties of aqueous root extract of Icacina senegalensis in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Acute Dis. 2014;3(2):99-103.
DOI: 10.1016/S2221-6189(14)60025-1
Bhutkar MA, Bhinge SD, Randive DS, Wadkar GH. Hypoglycemic effects of Berberis aristata and Tamarindus indica extracts in vitro. Bull Fac Pharm Cairo Univ. 2017;55(1):91-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2016.09.001
Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature. 2001;414(6865):813-20.
DOI: 10.1038/414813a, PMID 11742414.
Choi YS. Hyperpolarized lactate fux increased in the hippocampal region in diabetic mice. Mol Brain. 2019;12:1.
Cisse M, Dieme O, Diop N, Dornier M, Ndiaye A, Sock O. Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel. principles characteristics uses in Senegal. Fruits. 2010;65(5):293-306.
Cohen MP, Stern E, Rusecki Y, Zeidler A. High prevalence of diabetes in young adult Ethiopian immigrants to Israel. Diabetes. 1988;37(6):824-8. DOI: 10.2337/diab.37.6.824, PMID 3384182.
Dangbo FA, Adjonou K, Kokou K, Blaser J. Ecological sustainability of Detar (Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel) in Togo (West Africa). Am J Plant Sci. 2019;10(3):417-32. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.103030
Das A, Sarwar MS, Hossain MS, Karmakar P, Islam MS, Hussain ME, et al. Elevated serum lipid peroxidation and reduced vitamin C and trace element concentrations are correlated with epilepsy. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2019; 50(1):63-72. DOI: 10.1177/1550059418772755, PMID 29788779.
David J, Afolabi EO, Ojerinde SO, Olotu PN, Agwom FM, Ajima U. In-vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of various leaf extracts of Detarium microcarpum. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2017; 7(6):127-31.
Dong H, Li M, Zhu F, Liu F, Huang J. Inhibitory potential of trilobatin from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd against α-glucosidase and α-amylase linked to type 2 diabetes. Food Chem. 2012;130(2):261-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.030.
Dyer J, Wood IS, Palejwala A. Expression of monosaccharide transporters in intestine of diabetic humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002;282: 241-8.
Nwanneamaka EC, Chukwuebuka NB, Ossai Nduka Richard NEd. Pulmonary function in females with Type 2 diabetes in AWKA, Anambra State. Int J Clin Dermatol. 2019;2(1):1-6.
El-kamali HH. Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel. Prota. Wageningen, Netherlands: PROTA. 2011;7(2).
Falholt K, Jensen I, Lindkaer Jensen S, Mortensen H, Vølund AA, Heding LG, et al. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 1988;5(1):27-31.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb00936.x, PMID 2964324.
Gelayee DA, Mekonnen GB, Atnafe SA, Birarra MK, Asrie AB. Herbal medicines: personal use, knowledge, attitude, dispensing practice, and the barriers among community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:1-6:Article ID 6480142.
Jung M, Park M, Lee HC, Kang YH, Kang ES, Kim SK. Antidiabetic agents from medicinal plants. Curr Med Chem. 2006;13(10):1203-18. DOI: 10.2174/092986706776360860, PMID 16719780.
Kasole R, Haikael DM, Kimiywe J. Traditional medicine and its role in the management of diabetes mellitus: (patients’ and herbalists’ perspectives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:1-12.
Katzen HM, Schimke RT. Multiple forms of hexokinase in the rat: Tissue distribution, age dependency, and properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Proceedings of the national academic sciences, USA. 1965;54(4):1218-25.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.54.4.1218, PMID 5219826.
Kazeem TO, Adamu Yakubu, Shehu Y, Mohammed B. Phytochemical analysis and anti-tuberculosis activity of extracts of detarium bark and root. Adv Microbiol. 2021;7116:2456.
Kunle OF, Egharevba HO, Ahmadu PO. Standardization of herbal medicines - A review. Int J Biodivers Conserv. 2012;4(3):101-12. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.163
Lahlou M. The success of natural products in drug discovery. 2013;04(3):17-31. DOI: 10.4236/pp.2013.43A003
Matough FA, Budin SB, Hamid ZA, Alwahaibi N, Mohamed J. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic complications. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2012;12(1):5-18. DOI: 10.12816/0003082, PMID 22375253.
Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem. 1972; 247(10):3170-5. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)45228-9, PMID 4623845.
Nahar L, Nasrin F, Zahan R, Haque A. Comparative study of antidiabetic activity of Cajanus cajan and Tamarindus indica in alloxan-induced diabetic mice with a reference to in vitro antioxidant activity. Pharmacogn Res. 2014;6(2).
Nandi A, Chandan Kumar J, Nilanjana D, Liag J. Role of catalase oxidative stress- and age-associated degenerative diseases; 2019.
Goore GCG, Bi SA, Toure A, Traore F. Nanti. Pharmacologyonline. Assessment of the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of Annona senegalensis and Hallea ledermannii in alloxan-induced diabeticrats. 2019;1:319-36.
National Research Council. Lost crops of Africa volume III: Fruits. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press. 2008;330-7.
Negi G, Kumar A, Joshi RP, Ruby PK, Sharma SS. Oxidative stress and diabetic neuropathy: current status of antioxidants. Inst Integr Omics Appl Biotechnol J. 2011;2(6):71-8.
Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. J Nat Prod. 2012; 75(3):311-35. DOI: 10.1021/np200906s, PMID 22316239.
Nittya KD. Phytochemical analysis and In vitro antioxidant studies of Plumeria obtusa L. leaves. Indian J Pharmarcological Sci. 2016;78(1):169-71.
Yerima M, Anuka JA, Salawu OA, Abdu-Aguye I. Antihyperglycaemic activity of the stem-bark extract of Tamarindus indica L. On experimentally induced hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic Wistar rats. Pak J Biol Sci. 2014;17(3):414-8. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2014.414.418, PMID 24897797.
Offiah NV, Dawurung CJ, Oladipo OO, Makoshi MS, Makama S, Elisha IL, et al. Survey of herbal remedies used by Fulani herdsmen in the management of animal diarrhoea in Plateau State, Nigeria. J Med Plants Res. 2012;6(312):4625-32.
Ojieh AE, Adegor EC, Ewhre OL, Enwa FO, Anachuna KK, Okunima A, et al. Antidiabetic, Antilipidermic and hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Cissampelos owariensis leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Int Res Med Pharm Sci. 2015;4(1):17-28.
Ojieh AE. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant potential of Nephrolepis unduranta leaf extract in streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wistar rats; Int. J Forensic Investig. 2020;5(1):34-41.
Ojieh AE, Ugorji AE, Ovuakporaye IS, Ewhre OL, Ossai NR. Comparative evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of raw and boiled Allium cepa in alloxan- induced diabetes mellitus rats. UK J Pharm Biosci. 2016;4(3):38-44.
Ojieh AE, Mordi C, Ovaukporaye SI, Agbonifo CE. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic Indices of ethanolic leaf extract of Nephrolepis undulata in alloxan Induced Diabetic Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2020;13(3).
Ossai NR, Ojieh EA, Nwogueze CB, Olowe GT, Ajayi ER. Ameliorative potentials of methanolic leaf extract of nephrolepis undulate in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol. 2021;22(15&16):41-53.
Oteng MS, Asafo-Agyei T, Archer MA, Atta-Adjei JP, Boamah D, Kumadoh D. Medicinal plants for treatment of prevalent diseases. Pharmacognosy-medicinal plants; 2019.
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.82049
Ousmane F, Cheikh S, Omar K. Antidiabetic activity of 40 plants of the Senegalese flora, an important therapeutic diversity for populations. Asian J Appl Chem Res. 2020;7(2):15-32.
Oyenihi AB, Ayeleso AO, Mukwevho E, Masola B. Antioxidant strategies in the management of diabetic neuropathy. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. BioMed Res Int. 2015;2015:1-15. DOI: 10.1155/2015/515042, PMID 25821809.
Raygan F, Ostadmohammadi V, Bahmani F, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. Melatonin administration lowers biomarkers of oxidative stress and cardio‐metabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(1):191-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.004, PMID 29275919.
Shah AA, Sinha AA. Oxidative stress and autoimmune skin disease. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(1):5-13.
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2012.1884, PMID 23420016.
Sochor M, Baquer NZ, Hothersall JS, McLean P. Effect of experimental diabetes on the activity of hexokinase isoenzymes in tissues of the rat. Biochem Int. 1990;22(3):467-74. PMID 2076104.
Soloviev P, Gaye A. Optimization of grafting for three harvested fruit species in the Sahelo-Sudanian zones: Balanites aegyptiaca, Detarium senegalense and Tamarindus indica. Tropicultura. 2004; 22(4):199-203.
Sowemimo AA, Pendota C, Okoh B, Omotosho T, Idika N, Adekunle AA, et al. Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, proximate analysis and mineral content of the seed of Detarium senegalense JF Gmelin. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10(48):9875-9.
Sukanya D, Thanet P. Determination of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from selected Fabaceae plants. Pak. Journal of Pharmarceutical Sciences. 2015;28(5): 1679-83.
Surendran S, Eswaran MB, Vijayakumar M, Rao CV. In vitro and In vivo hepatoprotective activity of Cissampelos pareira against carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatic damage. Indian J Exp Biol. 2011;49(12):939-45. PMID 22403868.
Tal M, Liang Y, Najafi H, Lodish HF, Matschinsky FM. Expression and function of GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 glucose transporter isoforms in cells of cultured rat pancreatic islets. J Biol Chem. 1992; 267(24):17241-7.
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41918-7, PMID 1512261.
Thorens B, Weir GC, Leahy JL, Lodish HF, Bonner-Weir S. Reduced expression of the liver/beta-cell glucose transporter isoform in glucose-insensitive pancreatic beta cells of diabetic rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87(17):6492-6. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.17.6492, PMID 2204056.
Tiwari BK, Pandey KB, Abidi AB, Rizvi SI. Markers of oxidative stress during diabetes mellitus. J Biomark. 2013;2013:378790. DOI: 10.1155/2013/378790, PMID 26317014.
Wang WT, Lee P, Yeh HW, Smirnova IV, Choi IY. Effects of acute and chronic hyperglycemia on the neurochemical profiles in the rat brain with streptozotocin-induced diabetes detected using in vivo 1H MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. J Neurochem. 2012;121(3):407-17. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07698.x, PMID 22353009.
Yang W-C, Nammi S, Jeppesen PB, Cho WCS. Complementary and alternative medicine for diabetes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:831068:Article ID 831068. DOI: 10.1155/2013/831068, PMID 24222782.
World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation (PDF). World Health Organization. 2006;2006:21.
World Health Organization. Summary of revisions for the 2010 Clinical Practice Recommendations. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(1);Suppl 3.
World Health Organization. The top 10 causes of death Fact sheet n° 310. World Health Organization; 2013.
World Health Organization. Diabetes programme. World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 26 April 2014; 2014.
World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes (PDF). [retrieved Sep 20 2018]. World Health Organization. 2018; 2016.
World Health Organization. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: A collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration; 2021.
World Health Organization. Diabetes mellitus. Geneva: World Health Organization. Mandal: Ananya. (2019). What is Diabetes?. News-Medical; 2022. Available:httpwww. Who.intfactsheetsfs179en
Available:https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Diabetes.aspx
Wu R, Smeele KM, Wyatt E, Ichikawa Y, Eerbeek O, Sun L, et al. Reduction in hexokinase II levels results in decreased cardiac function and altered remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Circ Res. 2011;108(1):60-9.
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.223115, PMID 21071708.
Zaidi SH. Existing indigenous medicinal plants resources of Pakistan and their prospect for utilization. Pak Forest J. 1998;48(2):5-7.
Zatalia SR, Sanusi H. The role of antioxidants in the pathophysiology, complications, and management of diabetes mellitus. Acta Med Indones. 2013;45(2):141-7. PMID 23770795.
Zulaykho S, Talat S, Mukhabbat A. Hexokinase activity were decreased in erythrocytes and increased in blood serum at the Diabetes Mellitus. 2019;487.
Josiah W Iju, Ojieh Anthony Emeka, Ossai Nduka Richard, Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka, Olise-Enewe Maryann. Histomorphological, hypoglycaemic and hepatoprotective effects of acute administration of methanolic extract of persea americana seed in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol. 2021;22(41&42):247-60.
Akah PA, Nworu CS, Mbaoji FN, Nwabunike IA, Onyeto CA. Genus Detarium: Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological profile. Phytopharmacology. 2012;3(2):367-75.
Algaidi S. The effect of antioxidants on experimentally induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy in adult male albino rats. J Am Sci. 2011;7(12):671-7.
American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes. 2020;14-31.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standard of Medical care in Diabetes [preliminary report]. 2012;35(1):511-S63.
American Diabetes Association Diagnosis and classification of diabete mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014:37:81-90.
American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(1):S81-91.
Arponen M, Jalava N, Widjaja N, Ivaska KK. Glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 have different effects on osteoblast proliferation and metabolism. Front Physiol. 2022;13:1035516.
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1035516, PMID 36523556.
Bandeira SDM, Guedes GDS, da Fonseca LJ, Pires AS, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF, et al. Characterization of blood oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: increase in lipid peroxidation and SOD activity. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:819310. DOI: 10.1155/2012/819310, PMID 23259029.
de M Bandeira S, da Fonseca LJ, da S Guedes G, Rabelo LA, Goulart MO, Vasconcelos SM. Oxidative stress as an underlying contributor in the development of chronic complications in diabetes mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14(2):3265-84. DOI: 10.3390/ijms14023265, PMID 23385234.
Akuodor G, Udia P, Bassey A, Chilaka K, Okezie O. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties of aqueous root extract of Icacina senegalensis in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Acute Dis. 2014;3(2):99-103.
DOI: 10.1016/S2221-6189(14)60025-1
Bhutkar MA, Bhinge SD, Randive DS, Wadkar GH. Hypoglycemic effects of Berberis aristata and Tamarindus indica extracts in vitro. Bull Fac Pharm Cairo Univ. 2017;55(1):91-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2016.09.001
Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature. 2001;414(6865):813-20.
DOI: 10.1038/414813a, PMID 11742414.
Choi YS. Hyperpolarized lactate fux increased in the hippocampal region in diabetic mice. Mol Brain. 2019;12:1.
Cisse M, Dieme O, Diop N, Dornier M, Ndiaye A, Sock O. Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel. principles characteristics uses in Senegal. Fruits. 2010;65(5):293-306.
Cohen MP, Stern E, Rusecki Y, Zeidler A. High prevalence of diabetes in young adult Ethiopian immigrants to Israel. Diabetes. 1988;37(6):824-8. DOI: 10.2337/diab.37.6.824, PMID 3384182.
Dangbo FA, Adjonou K, Kokou K, Blaser J. Ecological sustainability of Detar (Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel) in Togo (West Africa). Am J Plant Sci. 2019;10(3):417-32. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.103030
Das A, Sarwar MS, Hossain MS, Karmakar P, Islam MS, Hussain ME, et al. Elevated serum lipid peroxidation and reduced vitamin C and trace element concentrations are correlated with epilepsy. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2019; 50(1):63-72. DOI: 10.1177/1550059418772755, PMID 29788779.
David J, Afolabi EO, Ojerinde SO, Olotu PN, Agwom FM, Ajima U. In-vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of various leaf extracts of Detarium microcarpum. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2017; 7(6):127-31.
Dong H, Li M, Zhu F, Liu F, Huang J. Inhibitory potential of trilobatin from Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd against α-glucosidase and α-amylase linked to type 2 diabetes. Food Chem. 2012;130(2):261-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.030.
Dyer J, Wood IS, Palejwala A. Expression of monosaccharide transporters in intestine of diabetic humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002;282: 241-8.
Nwanneamaka EC, Chukwuebuka NB, Ossai Nduka Richard NEd. Pulmonary function in females with Type 2 diabetes in AWKA, Anambra State. Int J Clin Dermatol. 2019;2(1):1-6.
El-kamali HH. Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel. Prota. Wageningen, Netherlands: PROTA. 2011;7(2).
Falholt K, Jensen I, Lindkaer Jensen S, Mortensen H, Vølund AA, Heding LG, et al. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 1988;5(1):27-31.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1988.tb00936.x, PMID 2964324.
Gelayee DA, Mekonnen GB, Atnafe SA, Birarra MK, Asrie AB. Herbal medicines: personal use, knowledge, attitude, dispensing practice, and the barriers among community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:1-6:Article ID 6480142.
Jung M, Park M, Lee HC, Kang YH, Kang ES, Kim SK. Antidiabetic agents from medicinal plants. Curr Med Chem. 2006;13(10):1203-18. DOI: 10.2174/092986706776360860, PMID 16719780.
Kasole R, Haikael DM, Kimiywe J. Traditional medicine and its role in the management of diabetes mellitus: (patients’ and herbalists’ perspectives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:1-12.
Katzen HM, Schimke RT. Multiple forms of hexokinase in the rat: Tissue distribution, age dependency, and properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Proceedings of the national academic sciences, USA. 1965;54(4):1218-25.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.54.4.1218, PMID 5219826.
Kazeem TO, Adamu Yakubu, Shehu Y, Mohammed B. Phytochemical analysis and anti-tuberculosis activity of extracts of detarium bark and root. Adv Microbiol. 2021;7116:2456.
Kunle OF, Egharevba HO, Ahmadu PO. Standardization of herbal medicines - A review. Int J Biodivers Conserv. 2012;4(3):101-12. DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.163
Lahlou M. The success of natural products in drug discovery. 2013;04(3):17-31. DOI: 10.4236/pp.2013.43A003
Matough FA, Budin SB, Hamid ZA, Alwahaibi N, Mohamed J. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic complications. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2012;12(1):5-18. DOI: 10.12816/0003082, PMID 22375253.
Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem. 1972; 247(10):3170-5. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)45228-9, PMID 4623845.
Nahar L, Nasrin F, Zahan R, Haque A. Comparative study of antidiabetic activity of Cajanus cajan and Tamarindus indica in alloxan-induced diabetic mice with a reference to in vitro antioxidant activity. Pharmacogn Res. 2014;6(2).
Nandi A, Chandan Kumar J, Nilanjana D, Liag J. Role of catalase oxidative stress- and age-associated degenerative diseases; 2019.
Goore GCG, Bi SA, Toure A, Traore F. Nanti. Pharmacologyonline. Assessment of the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of Annona senegalensis and Hallea ledermannii in alloxan-induced diabeticrats. 2019;1:319-36.
National Research Council. Lost crops of Africa volume III: Fruits. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press. 2008;330-7.
Negi G, Kumar A, Joshi RP, Ruby PK, Sharma SS. Oxidative stress and diabetic neuropathy: current status of antioxidants. Inst Integr Omics Appl Biotechnol J. 2011;2(6):71-8.
Newman DJ, Cragg GM. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. J Nat Prod. 2012; 75(3):311-35. DOI: 10.1021/np200906s, PMID 22316239.
Nittya KD. Phytochemical analysis and In vitro antioxidant studies of Plumeria obtusa L. leaves. Indian J Pharmarcological Sci. 2016;78(1):169-71.
Yerima M, Anuka JA, Salawu OA, Abdu-Aguye I. Antihyperglycaemic activity of the stem-bark extract of Tamarindus indica L. On experimentally induced hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic Wistar rats. Pak J Biol Sci. 2014;17(3):414-8. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2014.414.418, PMID 24897797.
Offiah NV, Dawurung CJ, Oladipo OO, Makoshi MS, Makama S, Elisha IL, et al. Survey of herbal remedies used by Fulani herdsmen in the management of animal diarrhoea in Plateau State, Nigeria. J Med Plants Res. 2012;6(312):4625-32.
Ojieh AE, Adegor EC, Ewhre OL, Enwa FO, Anachuna KK, Okunima A, et al. Antidiabetic, Antilipidermic and hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Cissampelos owariensis leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Int Res Med Pharm Sci. 2015;4(1):17-28.
Ojieh AE. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant potential of Nephrolepis unduranta leaf extract in streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wistar rats; Int. J Forensic Investig. 2020;5(1):34-41.
Ojieh AE, Ugorji AE, Ovuakporaye IS, Ewhre OL, Ossai NR. Comparative evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of raw and boiled Allium cepa in alloxan- induced diabetes mellitus rats. UK J Pharm Biosci. 2016;4(3):38-44.
Ojieh AE, Mordi C, Ovaukporaye SI, Agbonifo CE. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic Indices of ethanolic leaf extract of Nephrolepis undulata in alloxan Induced Diabetic Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2020;13(3).
Ossai NR, Ojieh EA, Nwogueze CB, Olowe GT, Ajayi ER. Ameliorative potentials of methanolic leaf extract of nephrolepis undulate in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol. 2021;22(15&16):41-53.
Oteng MS, Asafo-Agyei T, Archer MA, Atta-Adjei JP, Boamah D, Kumadoh D. Medicinal plants for treatment of prevalent diseases. Pharmacognosy-medicinal plants; 2019.
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.82049
Ousmane F, Cheikh S, Omar K. Antidiabetic activity of 40 plants of the Senegalese flora, an important therapeutic diversity for populations. Asian J Appl Chem Res. 2020;7(2):15-32.
Oyenihi AB, Ayeleso AO, Mukwevho E, Masola B. Antioxidant strategies in the management of diabetic neuropathy. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. BioMed Res Int. 2015;2015:1-15. DOI: 10.1155/2015/515042, PMID 25821809.
Raygan F, Ostadmohammadi V, Bahmani F, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. Melatonin administration lowers biomarkers of oxidative stress and cardio‐metabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(1):191-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.004, PMID 29275919.
Shah AA, Sinha AA. Oxidative stress and autoimmune skin disease. Eur J Dermatol. 2013;23(1):5-13.
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2012.1884, PMID 23420016.
Sochor M, Baquer NZ, Hothersall JS, McLean P. Effect of experimental diabetes on the activity of hexokinase isoenzymes in tissues of the rat. Biochem Int. 1990;22(3):467-74. PMID 2076104.
Soloviev P, Gaye A. Optimization of grafting for three harvested fruit species in the Sahelo-Sudanian zones: Balanites aegyptiaca, Detarium senegalense and Tamarindus indica. Tropicultura. 2004; 22(4):199-203.
Sowemimo AA, Pendota C, Okoh B, Omotosho T, Idika N, Adekunle AA, et al. Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity, proximate analysis and mineral content of the seed of Detarium senegalense JF Gmelin. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10(48):9875-9.
Sukanya D, Thanet P. Determination of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from selected Fabaceae plants. Pak. Journal of Pharmarceutical Sciences. 2015;28(5): 1679-83.
Surendran S, Eswaran MB, Vijayakumar M, Rao CV. In vitro and In vivo hepatoprotective activity of Cissampelos pareira against carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatic damage. Indian J Exp Biol. 2011;49(12):939-45. PMID 22403868.
Tal M, Liang Y, Najafi H, Lodish HF, Matschinsky FM. Expression and function of GLUT-1 and GLUT-2 glucose transporter isoforms in cells of cultured rat pancreatic islets. J Biol Chem. 1992; 267(24):17241-7.
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)41918-7, PMID 1512261.
Thorens B, Weir GC, Leahy JL, Lodish HF, Bonner-Weir S. Reduced expression of the liver/beta-cell glucose transporter isoform in glucose-insensitive pancreatic beta cells of diabetic rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990;87(17):6492-6. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.17.6492, PMID 2204056.
Tiwari BK, Pandey KB, Abidi AB, Rizvi SI. Markers of oxidative stress during diabetes mellitus. J Biomark. 2013;2013:378790. DOI: 10.1155/2013/378790, PMID 26317014.
Wang WT, Lee P, Yeh HW, Smirnova IV, Choi IY. Effects of acute and chronic hyperglycemia on the neurochemical profiles in the rat brain with streptozotocin-induced diabetes detected using in vivo 1H MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. J Neurochem. 2012;121(3):407-17. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07698.x, PMID 22353009.
Yang W-C, Nammi S, Jeppesen PB, Cho WCS. Complementary and alternative medicine for diabetes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:831068:Article ID 831068. DOI: 10.1155/2013/831068, PMID 24222782.
World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation (PDF). World Health Organization. 2006;2006:21.
World Health Organization. Summary of revisions for the 2010 Clinical Practice Recommendations. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(1);Suppl 3.
World Health Organization. The top 10 causes of death Fact sheet n° 310. World Health Organization; 2013.
World Health Organization. Diabetes programme. World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 26 April 2014; 2014.
World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes (PDF). [retrieved Sep 20 2018]. World Health Organization. 2018; 2016.
World Health Organization. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: A collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration; 2021.
World Health Organization. Diabetes mellitus. Geneva: World Health Organization. Mandal: Ananya. (2019). What is Diabetes?. News-Medical; 2022. Available:httpwww. Who.intfactsheetsfs179en
Available:https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Diabetes.aspx
Wu R, Smeele KM, Wyatt E, Ichikawa Y, Eerbeek O, Sun L, et al. Reduction in hexokinase II levels results in decreased cardiac function and altered remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Circ Res. 2011;108(1):60-9.
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.223115, PMID 21071708.
Zaidi SH. Existing indigenous medicinal plants resources of Pakistan and their prospect for utilization. Pak Forest J. 1998;48(2):5-7.
Zatalia SR, Sanusi H. The role of antioxidants in the pathophysiology, complications, and management of diabetes mellitus. Acta Med Indones. 2013;45(2):141-7. PMID 23770795.
Zulaykho S, Talat S, Mukhabbat A. Hexokinase activity were decreased in erythrocytes and increased in blood serum at the Diabetes Mellitus. 2019;487.
Josiah W Iju, Ojieh Anthony Emeka, Ossai Nduka Richard, Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka, Olise-Enewe Maryann. Histomorphological, hypoglycaemic and hepatoprotective effects of acute administration of methanolic extract of persea americana seed in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats. Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol. 2021;22(41&42):247-60.
-
Abstract View: 50 times
PDF Download: 2 times
Download Statistics
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
